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Over the past 25 years, substantial improvements in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease have been made. Despite this, cardiovascular disease is America's leading health problem, and the leading cause of death. One out of every 2.5 deaths results from cardiovascular disease and 61 million people in the United States suffer from heart disease including hypertension (high blood pressure), coronary heart disease, including myocardial infarction (heart attack), stroke, congenital cardiovascular defects and congestive heart failure. The cost is tremendous in personal and productivity terms.
The economic impact was estimated to be $298 billion in 2001. The challenge to discover new insights into cardiovascular function and dysfunction and the development of improved therapeutic and preventive interventions is a tremendous one. This endeavor will require imaginative scientific approaches and experimental design ranging from the most basic cellular and molecular biology approaches to those for clinical investigation.
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