Alzheimer's Research &

Clinical Programs

(ARCP)

Alzheimer's Disease (AD), also called Dementia Alzheimer's Type (DAT) is a progressive gradual decline in cognitive (ability to think and remember) as well as physical function. It is irreversible and there is no cure. The word "dementia" is a general term that not only includes Alzheimer's Disease, but also Vascular Dementia and mixed dementia (includes both Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia). Other diseases may mimic dementia and need to be fully evaluated, as some dementias are reversible.

Alzheimer's disease is rare before 60 years of age, but becomes more prevalent as people age. It has been estimated that 10% of the people age 65 have Alzheimer's disease and that as many as 47% of the people age 85 have AD.

The diagnosis of AD can only be confirmed by a brain biopsy (which is rarely preformed) or after death by a microscopic examination of the brain tissues. Clinicians can make a diagnosis of AD (other than by biopsy or after death) with about 80% accuracy. An accurate diagnosis of AD includes extensive medical history from a family member, neurological examination and mental status examination, Head CT or MRI, and blood tests to exclude any metabolic or systemic diseases. No specific lab test is currently available to diagnosis AD. Diagnosis of AD is one of exclusion, specifically to identify other treatable illnesses and thusly improve the memory. Dementia is often misdiagnosed or unrecognized in its early stages, and this failure can result in inappropriate treatment and needless distress. Appropriate diagnosis may allow both the patient and family to plan for the future.

10 Warning Signs of Alzheimer's Disease

1. Memory Loss

2. Difficulty performing familiar tasks

3. Problems with language

4. Disorientation to time and place

5. Poor or decreased judgment

6. Problems with abstract thinking

7. Misplacing things

8. Changes in mood or behavior

9. Changes in personality

10. Loss of initiative